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HelpTest ID: PARVO Parvovirus B19, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies
Reporting Name
Parvovirus B19 PCRUseful For
Diagnosing parvovirus B19 infection
Clinical Information
Parvovirus B19 is a DNA virus that preferentially replicates in erythroid progenitor cells.(1) Infection with parvovirus B19 can occur at any age, but is most common early in life. Antibody prevalence ranges from 2% to 15% in children 1 to 5 years old to 30% to 60% in adults.(1) The virus is transmitted by respiratory secretions and occasionally by blood products.
Parvovirus B19 infections can be asymptomatic or produce a wide spectrum of disease ranging from erythema infectiosum (“fifth disease" characterized by a classic “slapped cheek" rash) in children to arthropathy, severe anemia, and systemic manifestations involving the central nervous system, heart, and liver depending on the immune competence of the host.(2,3) Infection with parvovirus B19 in pregnant women may cause hydrops fetalis, congenital anemia, spontaneous abortion, or stillbirth of the fetus.(4) Parvovirus B19 is also the causative agent of transient aplastic crisis and chronic aplasia usually, but not exclusively, in immunocompromised or transplant patients, and those with preexisting hematologic disorders (eg, sickle cell disease).
Most acute infections with parvovirus B19 are diagnosed in the laboratory by serologically detecting IgG- and IgM-class antibodies with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing.
Interpretation
A positive result indicates that parvovirus B19 DNA is present in the clinical sample. However, a positive result does not differentiate between actively replicating virus, transient infection that may be asymptomatic, or the presence of remnant viral nucleic acid.
A negative result suggests the absence of parvovirus B19 infection.
Report Available
Same day/1 to 3 daysDay(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Clinical Reference
1. Guo J, Wang Y, Zhang M, et al: Human parvovirus B19 infection in hospitalized patients suspected of infection with pathogenic microorganism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Dec 21;12:1083839
2. Heegaard ED, Brown KE: Human parvovirus B19. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002 Jul;15(3):485-505
3. Bultmann BD, Klingel K, Soltar K, et al: Fatal parvovirus B19 associated myocarditis clinically mimicking ischemic heart disease: an endothelial cell-mediated disease. Hum Pathol. 2003 Jan;34(1):92-95
4. Rerolle JP, Helal I, Morelon E: Parvovirus B19 infection after renal transplantation. Nephrologie. 2003;24(6):309-315
5. Chisaka H, Morita E, Yaegashi N: Parvovirus B19 and the pathogenesis of anaemia. Rev Med Virol. 2003 Nov-Dec; 13(6):347-359
Method Name
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)/DNA Probe Hybridization
Specimen Type
VariesNecessary Information
Specimen source is required.
Specimen Required
Submit only 1 of the following specimens:
Preferred:
Specimen Type: Amniotic fluid
Container/Tube: Amniotic fluid container
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Do not centrifuge.
2. Label specimen as amniotic fluid.
Specimen Type: Spinal fluid
Container/Tube: Sterile vial
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Do not centrifuge.
2. Label specimen as spinal fluid.
Specimen Type: Synovial fluid
Container/Tube: Sterile vial or lavender top (EDTA)
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions: Label specimen as synovial fluid.
Alternate:
Specimen Type: Bone marrow
Container/Tube: Sterile container or lavender top (EDTA)
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions: Label specimen as bone marrow.
Specimen Minimum Volume
Amniotic Fluid, Bone Marrow, and Spinal Fluid 0.3 mL; Synovial fluid 0.5 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Varies | Refrigerated (preferred) | 7 days | |
| Frozen | 7 days |
Reference Values
Negative
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
87798
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| PARVO | Parvovirus B19 PCR | 9571-1 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| SRC73 | Source | 31208-2 |
| 83151 | Parvovirus B19 By Rapid PCR | 9571-1 |
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Microbiology Test Request (T244) with the specimen.
mml-immunocompromised, mml-pregnancyneonate, mml-mbid-cnsinfections